Genetic Determinants of Sindbis Virus Oral Infectivity in Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes

Genetic Determinants of Sindbis Virus Oral Infectivity in Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes Download PDF EPUB FB2

Genetic Determinants of Sindbis Virus Oral Infectivity in Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes Spiral-bound – January 1, by Robert C. Seabaugh (Author) See all Author: Robert C. Seabaugh.

To identify the genetic determinants of MEC infection of MRE16, the TE/5′2J virus genome was altered to contain either domain chimeras or more focused nucleotide substitutions of MRE The growth patterns of derived viruses in cell culture were determined, as were the midgut infection rates (MIR) in A.

aegypti mosquitoes. The results showed Cited by: Comparison of the transmission potential of two genetically distinct Sindbis viruses after oral infection of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) J Med Entomol.

; – Pierro DJ, Powers EL, Olson KE. Genetic determinants of Sindbis virus strain TR affecting midgut infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. J Gen by:   The oral infection of Aedes aegypti with SIN virus is a convenient model for the study of arbovirus-mosquito interactions because Ae.

aegypti is a medically important vector species, the molecular biology of the vector is one of the best understood of any vector species, and it is easy to rear and manipulate in the by: The infectivity, dissemination, and transmissibility of wild-type Sindbis (SIN) virus were studied in Aedes aegypti (L).

There was an initial decline in the viral titer of whole mosquitoes for 3 d. The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway acts as an innate antiviral immune response in Aedes aegypti, modulating arbovirus infection of mosquitoes.

Sindbis virus (SINV; family: Togaviridae, genus. SINV, first isolated in from mosquitoes in Sindbis, Egypt [], is a zoonotic virus commonly distributed across several continents including Eurasia, Africa, Oceania and Australia [].SINV is a membrane bounded virus that has a plus sense, single-stranded RNA genome consisting of ~11, nucleotides, a methylated cap on the 5′ end, and a nucleotide long poly-A tail on the 3′ end [].

The Sindbis virus (Alphavirus; Togaviridae) strain MRE16 efficiently infects Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that ingest a blood meal containing 8 to 9 log(10) PFU of virus/ml. However, a small-plaque variant of this virus, MRE16sp, poorly infects mosquitoes after oral infection with an equivalent titer.

Author Summary Dengue virus (DENV) is transmitted between humans through the bite of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Since the virus is inoculated in saliva, infection of the mosquito salivary gland is an essential requirement for transmission.

In addition, the gland also produces numerous biologically active compounds that facilitate blood-feeding. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus have the potential to transmit several viruses, including dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever.

None of these viruses are currently known to be transmitted within California, but thousands of people are infected with these viruses in other parts of the world, including in Mexico, Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Asia.

Pierro DJ, Powers EL, Olson KE: Genetic determinants of Sindbis virus strain TR affecting midgut infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. J Gen Virol.88 (Pt 5): /vir   The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway acts as an innate antiviral immune response in Aedes aegypti, modulating arbovirus infection of mosquitoes.

Sindbis virus (SINV; family: Togaviridae, genus: Alphavirus) is an arbovirus that infects Ae. aegypti in the laboratory. SINV strain TR encounters a midgut escape barrier (MEB) during infection of Ae.

aegypti. Three full-length infectious cDNA clones based on the alphavirus chikungunya (CHIKV) were developed and characterized in vitro and in vivo.

The full-length clone retained the viral phenotypes of CHIKV in both cell culture and in mosquitoes and should be a valuable tool for the study of virus interactions in an epidemiologically significant natural vector, Aedes aegypti.

A single genetic change in CHIKV EA/V was associated with adaptation in Ae albopictus with high midgut infectivity and transmission potential. 89 Novel adaptive mutations E1:KE and E2:VA led to higher fitness in Ae aegypti. 90 Epizootic emergence by subtype IE VEEV was due a specific genetic determinant that contributed in increased.

Zika (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. However, the molecular interactions between the vector and ZIKV remain largely unexplored. In this work, we further investigated the tropism of ZIKV in two different Aedes aegypti strains and show that the virus infection kinetics, tissue migration, and susceptibility to infection differ between mosquito strains.

Frolov I: Formation of nsP3-specific protein complexes during Sindbis virus replication. Genetic determinants of Sindbis virus strain TR affecting midgut infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.

Genome Sequence of Aedes aegypti, a Major Arbovirus Vector. 1. Introduction. Since the s there has been an effort to develop genetically engineered mosquitoes to reduce the impact to humans of various arthropod-borne pathogens, notably Plasmodium spp., and arboviruses such as dengue basis for this approach is that the capacity of vectors to be infected with, or to transmit, specific pathogens can be altered by genetic.

Sindbis (SIN) viruses are cycled principally between Culex species of mosquitoes and avian vertebrate hosts (6, 7, 37).SIN viruses also have been isolated from Aedes species of mosquitoes ().The general features of arthropod-borne virus infection of mosquitoes have been described previously ().The virus enters the lumen of the midgut with ingestion of a blood meal and replicates in the midgut.

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with a disseminated Sindbis virus infection behave differently than their uninfected cohorts. On days 7 and 14 post-exposure to Sindbis virus, mosquitoes with disseminated infection took and times longer to bloodfeed. Other changes in the bloodfeeding behavior of Aedes aegypti.

When mosquitoes which had been injected with Aeiap1 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) were orally infected with Sindbis virus (SINV), increased midgut infection and virus dissemination to other organs were observed. This increase in virus infection may have been due to the effects of widespread apoptosis on infection barriers or innate immunity.

Here, we report that individual Aedes aegypti mosquitoes release large amounts of dengue virus (DENV) RNA in their excreta that can be non-sacrificially detected over time following oral virus. Abstract.

Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) female mosquitoes infected systemically with Sindbis virus (SINV) took longer than uninfected mosquitoes to locate and fully engorge on blood. On days 7 and 14 postexposure, blood feeding took and times longer in mosquitoes with a disseminated SINV infection, respectively.

Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) female mosquitoes infected systemically with Sindbis virus (SINV) took longer than uninfected mosquitoes to locate and fully engorge on blood.

On days 7 and 14 postexposure, blood feeding took and times longer in mosquitoes with a disseminated SINV infection, respectively. SINV dissemination did not affect the average weight of unfed Ae. aegypti. Abstract. Dengue fever is endemic in Malaysia, contributing to significant economic and health burden in the country.

Aedes aegypti and ctus are the main vectors of the dengue virus (DENV), which circulates in sylvatic and human transmission cycles and has been present in Malaysia for decades. The study investigated the presence and distribution of DENV in urban localities in the. In the present investigation two container breeding mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were exposed to Sindbis virus (SINV).

Mosquitoes were proffered a viremic bloodmeal using a vertical membrane feeder in an attempt to infect females while preserving virus-gut interactions that are speculated to be responsible for amplification.

The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway acts as an innate antiviral immune response in Aedes aegypti, modulating arbovirus infection of mosquitoes. Sindbis virus (SINV; family: Togaviridae, genus: Alphavirus) is an arbovirus that infects Ae. aegypti in t. Mayaro virus (MAYV), a sylvatic arbovirus belonging to the Togaviridae family and Alphavirus genus, is responsible for an increasing number of outbreaks in several countries of Central and South America.

Despite Haemagogus janthinomys being identified as the main vector of MAYV, laboratory studies have already demonstrated the competence of Aedes aegypti to transmit MAYV. Dengue virus type 3 genotype I was detected in Brazil during epidemics in – To confirm this finding, we identified this virus genotype in naturally infected field-caught Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and eggs.

Results showed usefulness of virus investigations in vectors as a component of active epidemiologic surveillance. Infection rate of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with dengue virus depends on the interaction between temperature and mosquito genotype.

Temperature is epidemiologically relevant because it affects dengue infection rates in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, Gloria-Soria A et al. Global genetic diversity of Aedes aegypti.

Mol. Infection of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes with a mutant Sindbis virus inhibited replication of a superinfecting wild type Conversely, there was no interference between EEEV and Western equine encephalitis in Culex tarsalis At a glance, it appears that a mosquito infected with DENV‐4 may become a less effective vector of DENV‐2.

Pierro DJ, Powers EL, Olson KE. Genetic determinants of Sindbis virus strain TR affecting midgut infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. J Gen Virol. ; 88 (5)– doi: /vir [Google Scholar] Xi Z, Ramirez JL, Dimopoulos G.

The Aedes aegypti Toll pathway controls dengue virus infection. PLoS Pathog.Phylogenetic evidence suggests that endemic and epidemic dengue viruses (DENV), transmitted among humans by the anthropophilic mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, emerged when ancestral, sylvatic DENV transmitted among nonhuman primates by sylvatic Aedes mosquitoes adapted to these peridomestic vectors.

We tested this hypothesis by retrospectively examining evidence for adaptation .33 Sindbis virus is an arthropodborne virus that is maintained in a horizontal transmission cycle involving Culex Culiseta and Aedes spp. mosquitoes and wild birds (Doherty et al. ) Sindbis virus has been studied extensively (Myles et al.

) and molecular clones of the virus can be manipulated as genetic constructs designed to.